Re : Hungarians in Romania --( END )-- >"For a better understanding of the Hungarian minority in Romania" ... I Hope is not true >I would like to present a very interesting article of Prof. Liptak, >with high ideatic density [!!!!], about the desastruous consequences >of the Trianon Treaty on the Hungarian people. A high density indeed ... >The 4th of June 1995 was the 75th anniversary of the Treaty of >Trianon, the peace treaty, which in 1920 mutilated and >dismembered an ancient Europeannation: the kingdom of >Hungary.At Trianon Hungary was deprived [ !!!!] >63.6% of her inhabitants and 71.5% of her territory. What about the others (non-hungarian ) ? >Hungary gave asylum to the Ruthenians in the north, the >Wallachians (Romanians) and Saxons in the east, the Swabians !!!!!!!!!!!!! >For a thousand years, Hungary occupied an oval shaped central >plane surrounded by the protective bulwark of the Carpathian >mountains. ?????? >This constitutional monarchy was almost completely annihilated >by the Mongol invasion of 1240-41, >[...] In 1526 Hungary was once again annihilated, this time by the >Turkish invasion,which cut her population in half and the kingdom >in three.[...] >During the 150 years of Ottoman occupation,[...] >After the Turkish occupation, Austria attempted to take over all of >Hungary. This resulted in a series of uprisings. The fight for >Hungarian independence of 1703-1711 [...] >The next fight for national independence was led by Louis Kossuth >in 1848,[...] > forced the Hapsburgs to accept in 1867 the formation of an >Austro-Hungarian duality. therefore : >For a millennium, Hungary was the eastern bastion of European >civilization, a balancing and stabilizing power between Slavic and >Germanic nations. >Transylvania is also the place where the Hungarian diet at Torda, >in 1557, declared the freedom of religion for the first time >anywhere in the world.Transylvania provided an atmosphere of >religious and ethnic tolerance A very good joke ... !!! >When he was voted down, Hungary occupied Serbia and by 1915 >would have considered the war over !!!... > President Wilson refused to cooperate in this conspiracy. He >wanted Europe's new borders to correspond with her ethnographic >boundaries >[...] On January 24, 1919, he protested the illegal Serb and >Romanian occupation of parts of Hungary ...???? >On the 4th of June, 1920, one of the cruelest treaties of human >history was signed. Never before had a peace, imposed by >violence, been more brutal ...??? >[...] In the process, 35% of all Hungarians were turned into >foreigners within the towns built by their fathers, as the borders >were redrawn around them. What about romanian peasents between the towns and the borders ? > From the fragments of Hungary, the unnatural successor states of >Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and greater Romania were created. > These artificial entities .... !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! >These successor states were not only geographic monstrosities >[!!!!!] but also economic absurdities [!!!!!] and therefore their self- >destruction was just a matterof time. [!!!!]As of this writing two of >the three successor states have already disintegrated. ...!!!!!! >Yet at Trianon the application of self- determination and the use of >plebiscites in drawing the new borders was totally disregarded. >[...]When the recommendations of one of the >delegates to the Peace Conference, those of Field Marshall Ian >Smith, to hold plebiscites in Transylvania, Slovakia, Ruthenia, >Croatia and Slavonia were rejected And Alba Iulia ?! > As to the claim of being a natural German ally, history proves >just the opposite. ...! >Because of the savage oppression, intimidation and coercion, [???] >350,000 Hungarians decided to leave all their possessions behind >In 1948, 600 Hungarian Catholic priests and >all six of their bishops were arrested in Transylvania. Hides the real context... >the Hungarian bishop, Lászlo Tokes, was temporarily heralded as >an all-Romanian national hero, for leading [??] the successful >revolution against Ceaucescu >In addition to this cultural genocide taking place in Romania and >Slovakia ??? >One wonders if there is a limit to the patience of this, the largest >minority in Europe, and what will happen when that limit is >reached? !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! > It took some 75 years until it became clear that it is the >legacy of Trianon which is destabilizing and balkanizing Central >Europe. ... >Every nation's homeland is sacred. ... ?! > The principles of a permanent solution, must involve >self-determination through plebiscites, autonomy for ethnic >minorities and a Danubian or Central European Federation as the >ultimate goal. !!!! > The United Nations should declare that all national minorities anywhere in the world (exceeding some minimum number, say >100,000) have the right to hold UN supervised plebiscites and >receive cultural and linguistic autonomy,if the majority so desires. ? >When the Hungarians enjoy the same autonomy in Romania as the >Romanian minorities in Hungary ... >It is the wrong goal for the Danubian nations to rush into NATO or >the European Community individually. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! > A much better first goal is the >establishment of an economically self-sufficient, politically stable, >militarily neutral and geographically large enough federation, >which by itself is able to fill the power vacuum of the region. >[...] What is needed, once the minority problems are solved >through autonomy,is to build a strong Danubian Federation, one >that can be crystallized around the nucleus of Hungary, Slovakia, >Ruthenia, Slovenia and Croatia, a Federation that later could >expand to include Romania, Yugoslavia or even >Poland, the Czech Republic and Austria. !!!!!????!!!!! > For the stability and prosperity of Central Europe, that plan >should start with autonomy forall the minorities and should end >with a voluntary federation. ... >(The writer is a former Yale professor) Pacat . Ioan Rosca